ANALIA LEONORA AREVALO
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
LIM/26 - Laboratório de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Experimental, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
11 resultados
Resultados de Busca
Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 11
- Neuroscience Knowledge and Endorsement of Neuromyths among Educators: What Is the Scenario in Brazil?(2022) SIMOES, Estefania; FOZ, Adriana; PETINATI, Fernanda; MARQUES, Alcione; SATO, Joao; LEPSKI, Guilherme; AREVALO, AnaliaThe field of neuroscience has seen significant growth and interest in recent decades. While neuroscience knowledge can benefit laypeople as well as professionals in many different areas, it may be particularly relevant for educators. With the right information, educators can apply neuroscience-based teaching strategies as well as protect themselves and their students against pseudoscientific ideas and products based on them. Despite rapidly growing sources of available information and courses, studies show that educators in many countries have poor knowledge of brain science and tend to endorse education-related neuromyths. Poor English skills and fewer resources (personal, institutional and governmental) may be additional limitations in Latin America. In order to better understand the scenario in Latin America's largest country, we created an anonymous online survey which was answered by 1634 individuals working in education from all five regions of Brazil. Respondents stated whether they agreed with each statement and reported their level of confidence for each answer. Significant differences in performance were observed across regions, between educators living in capital cities versus the outskirts, between those teaching in private versus public schools, and among educators teaching different levels (pre-school up to college/university). We also observed high endorsement of some key neuromyths, even among groups who performed better overall. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to conduct a detailed analysis of the profile of a large group of educators in Brazil. We discuss our findings in terms of efforts to better understand regional and global limitations and develop methods of addressing these most efficiently.
- Editorial: How to improve neuroscience education for the public and for a multi-professional audience in different parts of the globe(2022) AREVALO, Analia; ABUSAMRA, Valeria; LEPSKI, Guilherme
- Electrophysiological predictors of hearing deterioration based on AEP monitoring during petroclival meningioma resection(2021) LEPSKI, Guilherme; AREVALO, Analia; ROSER, Florian; LIEBSCH, M.; TATAGIBA, MarcosThe objective of this study was to calculate the risk of postsurgical hearing deterioration as a function of changes in the amplitude and latency of the most stable components (waves III and V) of the auditory evoked potential (AEP) during petroclival meningioma resection surgery. We retrospectively analyzed intraoperative AEP monitoring results and pre- and postsurgical hearing status in 40 consecutive patients who were surgically treated for petroclival meningiomas. Statistical analyses were conducted to identify the most sensitive and specific way to predict hearing dysfunction after surgery. Patients' mean age was 59 +/- 10 years, and 31 (77.5%) were women. Twelve (30%) patients presented with clinically detectable hearing impairment preoperatively. At the first postoperative assessment, four of those 12 patients reported subjective improvement, and eight reported hearing deterioration. Of those eight, four remained stable and four recovered hearing by the last assessment. Wave III latency reached its highest specificity (100%) and sensitivity (71.43%) atx = 143%. Wave V latency, on the other hand, reached its highest sensitivity (71%) and specificity (93%) atx = 124%. Finally, wave V amplitude reached its highest sensitivity (100%) and specificity (79%) atx = 74%. Intraoperative alterations of wave III latency and wave V amplitude seem to be highly sensitive and specific at predicting the risk of auditory dysfunction in patients undergoing petroclival meningioma resection and should be used to determine maximum resection with preservation of function.
- Editorial: What can we make of theories of embodiment and the role of the human mirror neuron system? An enduring, ever larger question(2023) AREVALO, Analia; GONZALEZ-PERILLI, Fernando; BALDO, Juliana V. V.; IBANEZ, Agustin; GARCIA, Adolfo
- Near-Complete Remission of Glioblastoma in a Patient Treated with an Allogenic Dendritic Cell-Based Vaccine: The Role of Tumor-Specific CD4+T-Cell Cytokine Secretion Pattern in Predicting Response and Recurrence(2022) PINHO, Mariana P.; LEPSKI, Guilherme A.; REHDER, Roberta; CHAUCA-TORRES, Nadia E.; EVANGELISTA, Gabriela C. M.; TEIXEIRA, Sarah F.; FLATOW, Elizabeth A.; OLIVEIRA, Jaqueline V. de; FOGOLIN, Carla S.; PERES, Nataly; AREVALO, Analia; ALVES, Venancio; BARBUTO, Jose A. M.; BERGAMI-SANTOS, Patricia C.Immunotherapy has brought hope to the fight against glioblastoma, but its efficacy remains unclear. We present the case of CST, a 25-year-old female patient with a large right-hemisphere glioblastoma treated with a dendritic-tumor cell fusion vaccine. CST showed a near-complete tumor response, with a marked improvement in her functional status and simultaneous increases in tumor-specific CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Two months before recurrence, the frequency of tumor-specific T cells decreased, while that of IL-17 and CD4+ T cells increased. CST passed away 15 months after enrollment. In this illustrative case, the tumor-specific CD4+ T-cell numbers and phenotype behaved as treatment efficacy biomarkers, highlighting the key role of the latter in glioblastoma immunotherapy.
- Neuroscience Outside the Box: From the Laboratory to Discussing Drug Abuse at Schools(2022) VALE, Thereza Cristina Machado do; CHAGAS, Luana da Silva; PEREIRA, Helena de Souza; GIESTAL-DE-ARAUJO, Elizabeth; AREVALO, Analia; BOMFIM, Priscilla Oliveira-SilvaOne of the effects of the current COVID-19 pandemic is that low-income countries were pushed further into extreme poverty, exacerbating social inequalities and increasing susceptibility to drug use/abuse in people of all ages. The risks of drug abuse may not be fully understood by all members of society, partly because of the taboo nature of the subject, and partly because of the considerable gap between scientific production/understanding and communication of such knowledge to the public at large. Drug use is a major challenge to social development and a leading cause of school dropout rates worldwide. Some public policies adopted in several countries in recent decades failed to prevent drug use, especially because they focused on imposing combative or coercive measures, investing little or nothing in education and prevention. Here we highlight the role of neuroscience education as a valid approach in drug use education and prevention. We propose building a bridge between schools and scientists by promoting information, student engagement and honest dialogue, and show evidence that public policy regulators should be persuaded to support such science-based education programs in their efforts to effect important positive changes in society.
- What Does the General Public Know (or Not) About Neuroscience? Effects of Age, Region and Profession in Brazil(2022) AREVALO, Analia; SIMOES, Estefania; PETINATI, Fernanda; LEPSKI, GuilhermeThe field of Neuroscience has experienced a growing interest in recent decades, which has led to an exponential growth in the amount of related information made available online as well as the market for Neuroscience-related courses. While this type of knowledge can be greatly beneficial to people working in science, health and education, it can also benefit individuals in other areas. For example, neuroscience knowledge can help people from all fields better understand and critique information about new discoveries or products, and even make better education- and health-related decisions. Online platforms are fertile ground for the creation and spread of fake information, including misrepresentations of scientific knowledge or new discoveries (e.g., neuromyths). These types of false information, once spread, can be difficult to tear down and may have widespread negative effects. For example, even scientists are less likely to access retractions of peer-reviewed articles than the original discredited articles. In this study we surveyed general knowledge about neuroscience and the brain among volunteers in Brazil, Latin America's largest country. We were interested in evaluating the prevalence of neuromyths in this region, and test whether knowledge/neuromyth endorsement differs by age, region, and/or profession. To that end, we created a 30-item survey that was anonymously answered online by 1128 individuals. While younger people (20-29-year-olds) generally responded more accurately than people 60 and older, people in the North responded significantly worse than those in the South and Southeast. Most interestingly, people in the biological sciences consistently responded best, but people in the health sciences responded no better than people in the exact sciences or humanities. Furthermore, years of schooling did not correlate with performance, suggesting that quantity may surpass quality when it comes to extension or graduate-level course offerings. We discuss how our findings can help guide efforts toward improving access to quality information and training in the region.
- Adjuvant Vaccination with Allogenic Dendritic Cells Significantly Prolongs Overall Survival in High-Grade Gliomas: Results of a Phase II Trial(2023) LEPSKI, Guilherme; BERGAMI-SANTOS, Patricia C. C.; PINHO, Mariana P. P.; CHAUCA-TORRES, Nadia E. E.; EVANGELISTA, Gabriela C. M.; TEIXEIRA, Sarah F. F.; FLATOW, Elizabeth; OLIVEIRA, Jaqueline V. V. de; FOGOLIN, Carla; PERES, Nataly; AREVALO, Analia; ALVES, Venancio A. F.; BARBUTO, Jose A. M.Simple Summary Among all intracranial tumors, 31.5% are malignant, and among those, glioblastomas account for 47%. Recently, our group reported the case of a patient with glioblastoma who underwent vaccination based on dendritic cells and experienced near-complete tumor remission. Here we report the results of a phase I/II prospective, non-controlled clinical trial with 37 patients harboring glioblastoma or grade 4 astrocytomas. Patients received monthly intradermal injections of allogenic dendritic cell vaccinations. The survival curves of the vaccinated populations were compared with patients from the GDC (Genomics Data Commons) database, which revealed that overall survival was 75% greater in the vaccinated glioblastoma group (16 to 28 months, hazard ratio 0.53) and 200% greater in the vaccinated astrocytoma grade 4 group (20 to 60 months, hazard ratio 0.18). Furthermore, seven patients remain alive to this day. We believe that the data reported here can foster the continued improvement of treatment protocols based on cellular immunotherapy. Immunotherapy for cancer treatment has gained increased attention in recent years. Recently, our group reported the case of a patient with glioblastoma who underwent vaccination based on dendritic cells and experienced a strong Th1 immune response together with near-complete tumor remission. Here we report the results of a phase I/II prospective, non-controlled clinical trial with 37 patients harboring glioblastoma or grade 4 astrocytomas. At the time of first recurrence after surgery, patients began receiving monthly intradermal injections of allogenic DC-autologous tumor cell hybridomas. Overall survival, quality of life, and immunological profiles were assessed prospectively. Compared with patients in the Genomic Data Commons data bank, overall survival for vaccinated patients with glioblastoma was 27.6 +/- 2.4 months (vs. 16.3 +/- 0.7, log-rank p < 0.001, hazard ratio 0.53, 95%CI 0.36-0.78, p < 0.01), and it was 59.5 +/- 15.9 for vaccinated astrocytoma grade 4 patients (vs. 19.8 +/- 2.5, log-rank p < 0.05, hazard ratio 0.18, 95%CI 0.05-0.62, p < 0.01). Furthermore, seven vaccinated patients (two IDH-1-mutated and five wild type) remain alive at the time of this report (overall survival 47.9 months, SD 21.1, range: 25.4-78.6 months since diagnosis; and 34.2 months since recurrence, range: 17.8 to 40.7, SD 21.3). We believe that the data reported here can foster the improvement of treatment protocols for high-grade gliomas based on cellular immunotherapy.
- On the representation of hierarchical structure: Revisiting Darwin's musical protolanguage(2022) MIYAGAWA, Shigeru; AREVALO, Analia; NOBREGA, Vitor A.In this article, we address the tenability of Darwin's musical protolanguage, arguing that a more compelling evolutionary scenario is one where a prosodic protolanguage is taken to be the preliminary step to represent the hierarchy involved in linguistic structures within a linear auditory signal. We hypothesize that the establishment of a prosodic protolanguage results from an enhancement of a rhythmic system that transformed linear signals into speech prosody, which in turn can mark syntactic hierarchical relations. To develop this claim, we explore the role of prosodic cues on the parsing of syntactic structures, as well as neuroscientific evidence connecting the evolutionary development of music and linguistic capacities. Finally, we entertain the assumption that the capacity to generate hierarchical structure might have developed as part of tool-making in human prehistory, and hence was established prior to the enhancement of a prosodic protolinguistic system.
- Assessment of Conjunctive Binding in Aging: A Promising Approach for Alzheimer's Disease Detection(2019) MARTINEZ, Juan F.; TRUJILLO, Catalina; AREVALO, Analia; IBANEZ, Agustin; CARDONA, Juan F.The visual experience of objects lies in the ability to perceive and integrate their constitutive features. Conjunctive binding (CB) is the cognitive function that integrates the features of objects as wholes. This review covers the main findings (over the last 10 years) concerning the role of CB in visual working memory (VWM) and cognitive theory, its neural correlates, as well as perspectives for future work. First, we discuss the theoretical cognitive models of CB and how these relate to other cognitive functions. We then integrate neuroimaging evidence with cognitive theory to identify the neural functional network of CB for encoding and maintenance. Also, we describe the field's transition from experimental to clinical research, which paves the way for work in the area of VWM binding and aging. Finally, we expose the challenges faced by this field of research and analyze its role in the study of dementia and the construction of neuro-cognitive models of conjunctive binding.