THAIS MAUAD
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina - Docente
LIM/26 - Laboratório de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Experimental, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/05 - Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Líder
LIM/26 - Laboratório de Pesquisa em Cirurgia Experimental, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina
LIM/05 - Laboratório de Poluição Atmosférica Experimental, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina - Líder
20 resultados
Resultados de Busca
Agora exibindo 1 - 10 de 20
- Expression patterns of peroxiredoxin genes in bronchial epithelial cells exposed to diesel exhaust particles(2021) SERIANI, Robson; PAULA, Carla Peres de; CUNHA, Anderson Ferreira da; OLIVEIRA, Marcos Antonio de; KREMPEL, Paloma Gava; FRIAS, Daniela Perroni; NEGRI, Elnara Marcia; MAUAD, Thais; MACCHIONE, MariangelaSeveral mechanisms have been suggested to explain the adverse effects of air pollutants on airway cells. One such explanation is the presence of high concentrations of oxidants and pro-oxidants in environmental pollutants. All animal and plant cells have developed several mechanisms to prevent damage by oxidative molecules. Among these, the peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are of interest due to a high reactivity with reactive oxygen species (ROS) through the functioning of the thioredoxin/thioredoxin reductase system. This study aimed to verify the gene expression patterns of the PRDX family in bronchial epithelial airway cells (BEAS-2B) cells exposed to diesel exhaust particles (DEPs) at a concentration of 15 mu g/mL for 1 or 2 h because this it is a major component of particulate matter in the atmosphere. There was a significant decrease in mRNA fold changes of PRDX2 (0.43 +/- 0.34; *p = 0.0220), PRDX5 (0.43 +/- 0.34; *p = 0.0220), and PRDX6 (0.33 +/- 0.25; *p = 0.0069) after 1 h of exposure to DEPs. The reduction in mRNA levels may consequently lead to a decrease in the levels of PRDX proteins, increasing oxidative stress in bronchial epithelial cells BEAS-2B and thus, negatively affecting cellular functions.
- Building knowledge in urban agriculture: the challenges of local food production in Sao Paulo and Melbourne(2021) AMATO-LOURENCO, Luis Fernando; BURALLI, Rafael Junqueira; RANIERI, Guilherme Reis; HEARN, Adrian H.; WILLIAMS, Chris; MAUAD, ThaisUrban environments face multiple burdens and significant challenges related to food safety and sustainable agriculture. Urban agriculture remains fragmented and incipient in many cities worldwide. In their efforts to ensure sustainable urban food systems and provide public access to affordable and quality food, city governments must identify and pursue emerging opportunities. This study analyzed how Sao Paulo and Melbourne are working to overcome the related challenges.
- Microplastics inhalation: evidence in human lung tissue(2021) AMATO-LOURENCO, Luis Fernando; OLIVEIRA, Regiani Carvalho; JUNIOR, Gabriel Ribeiro; GALVAO, Luciana Dos Santos; ANDO, Romulo Augusto; MAUAD, Thais
- Effects of long-standing exposure to heavy-duty diesel vehicle traffic on respiratory symptoms and airway inflammation in older adults(2021) CARVALHO-OLIVEIRA, Regiani; AMATO-LOURENCO, Luis F.; ALMEIDA, Pamela S.; GARCIA, Bianca B. M.; VIEIRA, William K. M.; SANTANA, Ariane; GODINHO-NETTO, Martha Cristina Motta; CARRETERO, Maria E.; SALDIVA, Paulo H. Nascimento; MAUAD, ThaisIn the present study, we evaluated the effects of chronic exposure to traffic from a heavy-duty diesel-fueled vehicle area on respiratory symptoms and airway inflammation in a nonsmoking adult and elderly population. Respiratory symptoms were evaluated by the ISAAC questionnaire (International Study of Asthma and Allergies questionnaire), and airway inflammation was assessed by fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO). Forty volunteers were selected from the 112 volunteers who completed the ISAAC questionnaire for the measurement of FeNO. The FeNO population comprised seven men (six aged >= 64 years old, four aged >= 75 years old) and 32 women (27 aged >= 64 years old, nine aged >= 75 years old). FeNO levels were tracked for six months, from November 2014 to June 2015. Results: Twenty-four percent of the volunteers reported having had wheezing in the chest in the last 12 months. However, only 2.7% of the volunteers reported doctor-diagnosed asthma. There was a positive association between FeNO and pollutants in most of the study months. An increase of 1 mg m(-3) in NO2 was associated with a mean increase of 1.08 ppb in FeNO, and an increase of 1 mg m(-3) in O-3 was associated with a mean increase of 1.06 ppb in FeNO. The relative risk for NO2 ranged from 1.009 to 1.32 and that for O-3 ranged from 1.014 to 1.020. Conclusion: The frequency of respiratory symptoms was much higher than the previously described levels of 6% in the Brazilian adult population. In summary, a high frequency of respiratory symptoms and high levels of FeNO were described in an underdiagnosed adult population living very close to a heavy-duty diesel-traffic area. Older elderly adults presented greater susceptibility to airway inflammation than younger adults.
- Agricultura urbana no município de São Paulo: considerações sobre produção e comercialização(2021) BIAZOTI, André Ruoppolo; LEÃO, Vitória Oliveira P. de Souza; BURALLI, Rafael Junqueira; MAUAD, ThaIsABSTRACT Urban agriculture (UA) has recently been pointed out as an important element in the discussion and practices of urban food security. This article seeks to discuss agricultural production and distribution in the city of São Paulo , considering the diversity of profiles that UA can assume. To this end, official databases were used to compute agricultural production. With regard to commercialization, information was collected from seven semi-structured interviews with farmers of the city of São Paulo between 2018 and 2020. The main findings indicate that there was an increase in agricultural practices in the city, encompassing a wide variety of commercialization channels. The opening of new markets, the development of public policies and public recognition were essential for the growth of agriculture in the city of São Paulo.
- A single-centre, retrospective study of the incidence of invasive fungal infections during 85 years of autopsy service in Brazil(2021) DANTAS, Katia Cristina; MAUAD, Thais; ANDRE, Carmen D. Saldiva de; BIERRENBACH, Ana Luiza; SALDIVA, Paulo Hilario NascimentoAutopsy continues to play an essential role in monitoring opportunistic fungal infections. However, few studies have analysed the historical trends of fungal infections in autopsies. Here, we analyse available data on fungal infections obtained from autopsy reports during 85 years of autopsies performed by the largest autopsy service in Brazil. All invasive fungal infections presented in autopsy reports between 1930 and 2015 were included. Of the 158,404 autopsy reports analysed, 1096 involved invasive fungal infections. In general, paracoccidioidomycosis (24%) was the most frequent infection, followed by candidiasis (18%), pneumocystosis (11.7%), cryptococcosis (11%), aspergillosis (11%) and histoplasmosis (3.8%). Paracoccidioidomycosis decreased after the 1950s, whereas opportunistic fungal infections increased steadily after the 1980s during the peak of the AIDS pandemic. The lung was the most frequently affected organ (73%). Disseminated infection was present in 64.5% of cases. In 26% of the 513 cases for which clinical charts were available for review, the diagnosis of opportunistic fungal infections was performed only at autopsy. Our unique 85-year history of autopsies showed a transition from endemic to opportunistic fungal infections in SAo Paulo, Brazil, reflecting increased urbanization, the appearance of novel diseases, such as AIDS in the 1980s, and advances in medical care over time.
- Ultrasound assessment of pulmonary fibroproliferative changes in severe COVID-19: a quantitative correlation study with histopathological findings(2021) MONTEIRO, Renata Aparecida de Almeida; DUARTE-NETO, Amaro Nunes; SILVA, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da; OLIVEIRA, Ellen Pierre de; NASCIMENTO, Ellen Caroline Toledo do; MAUAD, Thais; SALDIVA, Paulo Hilario do Nascimento; DOLHNIKOFF, MarisaPurpose This study was designed to evaluate the usefulness of lung ultrasound (LUS) imaging to characterize the progression and severity of lung damage in cases of COVID-19. Methods We employed a set of combined ultrasound parameters and histopathological images obtained simultaneously in 28 patients (15 women, 0.6-83 years) with fatal COVID-19 submitted to minimally invasive autopsies, with different times of disease evolution from initial symptoms to death (3-37 days, median 18 days). For each patient, we analysed eight post-mortem LUS parameters and the proportion of three histological patterns (normal lung, exudative diffuse alveolar damage [DAD] and fibroproliferative DAD) in eight different lung regions. The relationship between histopathological and post-mortem ultrasonographic findings was assessed using various statistical approaches. Results Statistically significant positive correlations were observed between fibroproliferative DAD and peripheral consolidation (coefficient 0.43, p = 0.02) and pulmonary consolidation (coefficient 0.51, p = 0.005). A model combining age, time of evolution, sex and ultrasound score predicted reasonably well (r = 0.66) the proportion of pulmonary parenchyma with fibroproliferative DAD. Conclusion The present study adds information to previous studies related to the use of LUS as a tool to assess the severity of acute pulmonary damage. We provide a histological background that supports the concept that LUS can be used to characterize the progression and severity of lung damage in severe COVID-19.
- The Impact of COVID-19 on Urban Agriculture in Sao Paulo, Brazil(2021) BIAZOTI, Andre Ruoppolo; NAKAMURA, Angelica Campos; NAGIB, Gustavo; LEAO, Vitoria Oliveira Pereira de Souza; GIACCHE, Giulia; MAUAD, ThaisDuring the initial months of the COVID-19 pandemic, farmers worldwide were greatly affected by disruptions in the food chain. In 2020, Sao Paulo city experienced most of the effects of the pandemic in Brazil, with 15,587 deaths through December 2020. Here, we describe the impacts of COVID-19 on urban agriculture (UA) in Sao Paulo from April to August 2020. We analyzed two governmental surveys of 2100 farmers from Sao Paulo state and 148 from Sao Paulo city and two qualitative surveys of volunteers from ten community gardens and seven urban farmers. Our data showed that 50% of the farmers were impacted by the pandemic with drops in sales, especially those that depended on intermediaries. Some farmers in the city adapted to novel sales channels, but 22% claimed that obtaining inputs became difficult. No municipal support was provided to UA in Sao Paulo, and pre-existing issues were exacerbated. Work on community gardens decreased, but no garden permanently closed. Post COVID-19, UA will have the challenge of maintaining local food chains established during the pandemic. Due to the increase in the price of inputs and the lack of technical assistance, governmental efforts should be implemented to support UA.
- Tracking the time course of pathological patterns of lung injury in severe COVID-19(2021) MAUAD, Thais; DUARTE-NETO, Amaro Nunes; SILVA, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da; OLIVEIRA, Ellen Pierre de; BRITO, Jose Mara de; NASCIMENTO, Ellen Caroline Toledo do; MONTEIRO, Renata Aparecida de Almeida; FERREIRA, Juliana Carvalho; CARVALHO, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de; SALDIVA, Paulo Hilario do Nascimento; DOLHNIKOFF, MarisaBackground: Pulmonary involvement in COVID-19 is characterized pathologically by diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) and thrombosis, leading to the clinical picture of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. The direct action of SARS-CoV-2 in lung cells and the dysregulated immuno-coagulative pathways activated in ARDS influence pulmonary involvement in severe COVID, that might be modulated by disease duration and individual factors. In this study we assessed the proportions of different lung pathology patterns in severe COVID-19 patients along the disease evolution and individual characteristics. Methods: We analysed lung tissue from 41 COVID-19 patients that died in the period March-June 2020 and were submitted to a minimally invasive autopsy. Eight pulmonary regions were sampled. Pulmonary pathologists analysed the H&E stained slides, performing semiquantitative scores on the following parameters: exudative, intermediate or advanced DAD, bronchopneumonia, alveolar haemorrhage, infarct (%), arteriolar (number) or capillary thrombosis (yes/no). Histopathological data were correlated with demographic-clinical variables and periods of symptoms-hospital stay. Results: Patient ' s age varied from 22 to 88 years (18f/23 m), with hospital admission varying from 0 to 40 days. All patients had different proportions of DAD in their biopsies. Ninety percent of the patients presented pulmonary microthrombosis. The proportion of exudative DAD was higher in the period 0-8 days of hospital admission till death, whereas advanced DAD was higher after 17 days of hospital admission. In the group of patients that died within eight days of hospital admission, elderly patients had less proportion of the exudative pattern and increased proportions of the intermediate patterns. Obese patients had lower proportion of advanced DAD pattern in their biopsies, and lower than patients with overweight. Clustering analysis showed that patterns of vascular lesions (microthrombosis, infarction) clustered together, but not the other patterns. The vascular pattern was not influenced by demographic or clinical parameters, including time of disease progression. Conclusion: Patients with severe COVID-19 present different proportions of DAD patterns over time, with advanced DAD being more prevalent after 17 days, which seems to be influenced by age and weight. Vascular involvement is present in a large proportion of patients, occurs early in disease progression, and does not change over time.
- Salivary glands are a target for SARS-CoV-2: a source for saliva contamination(2021) MATUCK, Bruno Fernandes; DOLHNIKOFF, Marisa; DUARTE-NETO, Amaro Nunes; MAIA, Gilvan; GOMES, Sara Costa; SENDYK, Daniel Isaac; ZARPELLON, Amanda; ANDRADE, Nathalia Paiva de; MONTEIRO, Renata Aparecida; PINHO, Joao Renato Rebello; GOMES-GOUVEA, Michele Soares; SOUZA, Suzana C. O. M.; KANAMURA, Cristina; MAUAD, Thais; SALDIVA, Paulo Hilario Nascimento; BRAZ-SILVA, Paulo H.; CALDINI, Elia Garcia; SILVA, Luiz Fernando Ferraz daThe ability of the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 to spread and contaminate is one of the determinants of the COVID-19 pandemic status. SARS-CoV-2 has been detected in saliva consistently, with similar sensitivity to that observed in nasopharyngeal swabs. We conducted ultrasound-guided postmortem biopsies in COVID-19 fatal cases. Samples of salivary glands (SGs; parotid, submandibular, and minor) were obtained. We analyzed samples using RT-qPCR, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy, and histopathological analysis to identify SARS-CoV-2 and elucidate qualitative and quantitative viral profiles in salivary glands. The study included 13 female and 11 male patients, with a mean age of 53.12 years (range 8-83 years). RT-qPCR for SARS-CoV-2 was positive in 30 SG samples from 18 patients (60% of total SG samples and 75% of all cases). Ultrastructural analyses showed spherical 70-100 nm viral particles, consistent in size and shape with the Coronaviridae family, in the ductal lining cell cytoplasm, acinar cells, and ductal lumen of SGs. There was also degeneration of organelles in infected cells and the presence of a cluster of nucleocapsids, which suggests viral replication in SG cells. Qualitative histopathological analysis showed morphologic alterations in the duct lining epithelium characterized by cytoplasmic and nuclear vacuolization, as well as nuclear pleomorphism. Acinar cells showed degenerative changes of the zymogen granules and enlarged nuclei. Ductal epithelium and serous acinar cells showed intense expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS receptors. An anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody was positive in 8 (53%) of the 15 tested cases in duct lining epithelial cells and acinar cells of major SGs. Only two minor salivary glands were positive for SARS-CoV-2 by immunohistochemistry. Salivary glands are a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2 and provide a pathophysiological background for studies that indicate the use of saliva as a diagnostic method for COVID-19 and highlight this biological fluid's role in spreading the disease. (C) 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.