Preventive and therapeutic moderate aerobic exercise programs convert atherosclerotic plaques into a more stable phenotype

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art_CARDINOT_Preventive_and_therapeutic_moderate_aerobic_exercise_programs_convert_2016.PDF (1.35 MB)
Citações na Scopus
6
Tipo de produção
article
Data de publicação
2016
DOI
Scopus
Web of Science
PubMed
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
Autores
CARDINOT, Themis M.
MORETTI, Ana I. S.
KRIEGER, Marta H.
BRUM, Patricia C.
Citação
LIFE SCIENCES, v.153, p.163-170, 2016
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Fascículo
Resumo
The mechanisms by which exercise affects atherosclerotic plaque stability remain incompletely understood. We evaluated the effects of two training protocols on both atherosclerotic plaque structure and the signaling pathways involved in plaque rupture. Methods: Male low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor knockout mice were fed a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet (HFD). One group was subjected to moderate exercise using a treadmill for 14 weeks (preventive protocol). The other group started an exercise regimen after 16 weeks of the HFD (therapeutic group). Atherosclerotic plaques within the aorta were evaluated for lipid and collagen contents, as well as for inflammatory markers. Plasma cholesterol and cytokine levels were also determined. Results: The mice receiving a HFD developed hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerotic plaques within the aorta. The aortas from the animals in the preventive protocol exhibited smaller lipid cores and higher collagen content. These animals also exhibited lower CD40 expression within the plaques. The aortas of the mice in the therapeutic group exhibited higher collagen content, but no differences in either lipid core size or plaque size were noted. No differences in blood pressure, plasma cholesterol, cytokine levels, plaque size or metalloproteinase 9 expression were observed in the trained animals compared with the sedentary animals. Conclusion: Moderate aerobic exercise modified atherosclerotic plaque characteristics and converted the plaques into a more stable phenotype, increasing the collagen content in response to both exercise programs. Furthermore, moderate aerobic exercise reduced the animals' fat content and decreased the activity of the CD40-CD40L signaling pathway in the preventive group.
Palavras-chave
Atherosclerosis, Aerobic exercise, Plaque stability, High fat diet
URI
https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/14116
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Coleções
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - FM/MCM
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - HC/ICHC
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/10
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/51