What can Mendelian randomization contribute to biological anthropology?

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art_BONILLA_What_can_Mendelian_randomization_contribute_to_biological_anthropology_2023.PDF (1.33 MB)
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0
Tipo de produção
article
Data de publicação
2023
DOI
Scopus
Web of Science
PubMed
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
WILEY
Autores
HERRERA, Guadalupe
SANS, Monica
Citação
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY, v.181, n.3, p.474-482, 2023
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Fascículo
Resumo
Uncovering causal relationships between exposures and outcomes can be difficult in observational studies because of the potential for confounding and reverse causation to produce biased estimates. Conversely, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) provide the strongest evidence for causality but they are not always feasible. Mendelian randomization (MR) is a method that aims to strengthen causal inference using genetic variants as proxies or instrumental variables (IVs) for exposures, to overcome the above-mentioned biases. Since allele segregation occurs at random from parents to offspring, and alleles for a trait assort independently from those for other traits, MR studies have frequently been compared to ""natural"" RCTs. In biological anthropology (BA) relationships between variables of interest are usually evaluated using observational data, often remaining descriptive, and other approaches to causal inference have seldom been implemented. Here, we propose the use of MR to investigate cause and effect relationships in BA studies and provide examples to show how that can be done across areas of BA relevance, such as adaptation to the environment, nutrition and life history theory. While we consider MR a useful addition to the biological anthropologist's toolbox, we advocate the adoption of a wide range of methods, affected by different types of biases, in order to better answer the important causal questions for the discipline.
Palavras-chave
genetically informed studies, genome-wide association studies, instrumental variables, observational studies, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
URI
https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/54773
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Coleções
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - FM/MPR
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/38