Seroprevalence of hepatitis B, C, and D and associated factors in the semi-isolated Yanomami Amazonian indigenous community

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Tipo de produção
article
Data de publicação
2024
DOI
Scopus
Web of Science
PubMed
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ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
BMC
Autores
VASCONCELOS, Mariana Pinheiro Alves
SANCHEZ-ARCILA, Juan Camilo
PERES, Luciana
SOUSA, Paulo Sergio Fonseca de
CASTRO-ALVES, Julio
ALBUQUERQUE, Hermano Gomes
MAIA-HERZOG, Marilza
LEWIS-XIMENEZ, Lia Laura
VILLAR, Livia Melo
Citação
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES, v.24, n.1, article ID 15, 10p, 2024
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Fascículo
Resumo
Background Viral hepatitis is a significant health concern among indigenous population in the Americas. In Brazil, reports find high endemicity of HBV and HDV infections has been reported in several indigenous groups. However, few studies have documented the prevalence of HBV, HCV and HDV in the Yanomami. In this study, the prevalence of hepatitis B, C, and D serological markers and potential risk factors were investigated to provide guidance for the development of strategies aimed at reducing viral transmission in the Yanomami indigenous villages.Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out in March 2015 and included 430 individuals from four Yanomami villages: Alapusi (n = 78), Castanha/Ahima (n = 126), Gasolina (n = 105), and Taibrapa (n = 121). A rapid test was used for detection of HBsAg and anti-HCV and chemiluminescent immunoassay for anti-HBs, anti-HBc, and anti-HDV antibodies.Results HBsAg, anti-HBc, and anti-HBs were detected in 8.8, 45.5, and 49.4% of the participants, respectively. The estimated HBV status: current infection 9.6% (38/395); resolved infection 43.3% (171/395); vaccine immunity 20.5% (81/395), and susceptible to HBV 26.6% (105/395). Gasolina presented the lowest prevalence of HBV infection (6.5%) and the highest prevalence of vaccine immunity (26.9%). Children < 15 years old were highly susceptible to infection, as 53.1% did not have antibodies to HBV, while more than 80% of individuals over 45 years of age had been exposed to HBV. The markers for HDV were founded among 12.5% (4/32) of the HBsAg carriers. Anti-HCV was identified in all villages, with the highest prevalence in Alapusi (5.1%). Possible risk factors such as the use of piercings, tattoos, and contact with prospectors showed no statistical difference between the groups.Conclusions Viral hepatitis B and serological markers for HCV and HDV were found to be widely distributed among the Yanomami indigenous community, while the prevalence of vaccine immunity to HBV was low. This finding reinforces the importance of promoting systematized diagnostic and vaccination strategies in indigenous communities. Our data confirm that isolated and difficult-to-reach indigenous communities lack appropriate access to diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination.
Palavras-chave
Viral hepatitis, HBV, HDV, HCV, Yanomami
URI
https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/57946
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Coleções
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - FM/MIP
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - HC/ICHC
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/52
Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - ODS/03