Nutritional Risk and Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

To evaluate the association between nutritional risk and quality of life in community-dwelling elderly. A cross-sectional study of individuals aged 60 years or older living in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais was conducted. Nutritional status was evaluated using the Mini Nutritional Assessment, and quality of life was determined using the WHOQOL-bref and WHOQOL-old. The absolute and relative frequency distributions for each domain were calculated, and chi-square tests were used to examine the association between nutritional risk and quality of life (dichotomous variables). Poisson regression was used to perform univariate and multivariate analyses. 789 (27.9%) of the 2823 elderly patients in the sample were at nutritional risk. The risk of malnutrition was associated with the physical, environment, psychological, sensory abilities, social participation and intimacy domains of quality of life [(PR= 1.42, 95%CI 1.23-1.63); (PR= 1.28, 95%CI 1.12-1.47); (PR= 1.18, 95%CI 1.03-1.36); (PR= 1.36, 95%CI 1.20-1.54); (PR= 1.29, 95%CI 1.13-1.46); (PR= 1.14, 95%CI 1.01-1.29); respectively]. The present findings contribute to the understanding of nutritional risk, and support the association between quality of life and nutritional status. These factors should be considered in the diagnosis, monitoring and treatment of nutritional disorders, and may contribute to the prevention and reduction of nutritional risk in this especially vulnerable population.