Electrochemical Immunosensors Based on Zinc Oxide Nanorods for Detection of Antibodies Against SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein in Convalescent and Vaccinated Individuals

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art_NUNEZ_Electrochemical_Immunosensors_Based_on_Zinc_Oxide_Nanorods_for_2023.PDF (6.91 MB)
Citações na Scopus
14
Tipo de produção
article
Data de publicação
2023
DOI
Scopus
Web of Science
PubMed
Título da Revista
ISSN da Revista
Título do Volume
Editora
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
Autores
NUNEZ, Freddy A.
CASTRO, Ana C. H.
OLIVEIRA, Vivian L. de
LIMA, Ariane C.
OLIVEIRA, Jamille R.
MEDEIROS, Giuliana X. de
SASAHARA, Greyce L.
LANFREDI, Alexandre J. C.
ALVES, Wendel A.
Citação
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING, v.9, n.1, p.458-473, 2023
Projetos de Pesquisa
Unidades Organizacionais
Fascículo
Resumo
Even after over 2 years of the COVID-19 pandemic, research on rapid, inexpensive, and accurate tests remains essential for controlling and avoiding the global spread of SARS-CoV-2 across the planet during a potential reappearance in future global waves or regional outbreaks. Assessment of serological responses for COVID-19 can be beneficial for population-level surveillance purposes, supporting the development of novel vaccines and evaluating the efficacy of different immunization programs. This can be especially relevant for broadly used inactivated whole virus vaccines, such as CoronaVac, which produced lower titers of neutralizing antibodies. and showed lower efficacy for specific groups such as the elderly and immunocompromised. We developed an impedimetric biosensor based on the immobilization of SARS-CoV-2 recombinant trimeric spike protein (S protein) on zinc oxide nanorod (ZnONR)-modified fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates for COVID-19 serology testing. Due to electrostatic interactions, the negatively charged S protein was immobilized via physical adsorption. The electrochemical response of the immunosensor was measured at each modification step and characterized by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical techniques. We successfully evaluated the applicability of the modified ZnONR electrodes using serum samples from COVID-19 convalescent individuals, CoronaVac-vaccinated with or without positive results for SARS-CoV-2 infection, and pre-pandemic samples from healthy volunteers as controls. ELISA for IgG anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was performed for comparison, and ELISA for IgG anti-RBDs of seasonal coronavirus (HCoVs) was used to test the specificity of immunosensor detection. No cross-reactivity with HCoVs was detected using the ZnONR immunosensor, and more interestingly, the sensor presented higher sensitivity when compared to negative ELISA results. The results demonstrate that the ZnONRs/spike-modified electrode displayed sensitive results for convalescents and vaccinated samples and shows excellent potential as a tool for the population's assessment and monitoring of seroconversion and seroprevalence.
Palavras-chave
seroprevalence, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, electrochemical immunosensors, zinc oxide, serological diagnosis, immunosurveillance, CoronaVac
URI
https://observatorio.fm.usp.br/handle/OPI/52856
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