Ultrasound evaluation of the placenta in fetuses of IUGR

Abstract

Background: Intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a main cause of perinatal morbidity. Main causes include fetal anomalies, chromosomal abnormalities and maternal diseases leading to placental impairment. Ultrasound evaluation of placental volume and vacularization may help us to differentiate between the different causes of IUGR. Methods: Placental volume and vascularizaton where evaluated in fetuses with IUGR hospitalized in the High-Risk Unity of the Hospital das Clinicas of the University of São Paulo and compared to a nomogram for gestational age. The study was approved by our local ethics committee. Results: Twenty-four patients were included. Gestational age varied from 26 to 36 weeks (median 32,7). Placental volume varied from 64,76 to 805,43 cc. When compared to the nomogram 12 fetuses (50%) had diminished placental volume. Conclusions: Placental volume is diminished in 50% of fetuses with IUGR.