Artigos e Materiais de Revistas Científicas - LIM/56
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- Data-driven, cross-disciplinary collaboration: lessons learned at the largest academic health center in Latin America during the COVID-19 pandemic(2024) RITTO, Ana Paula; ARAUJO, Adriana Ladeira de; CARVALHO, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de; SOUZA, Heraldo Possolo De; FAVARETTO, Patricia Manga e Silva; SABOYA, Vivian Renata Boldrim; GARCIA, Michelle Louvaes; KULIKOWSKI, Leslie Domenici; KALLAS, Esper Georges; PEREIRA, Antonio Jose Rodrigues; COBELLO JUNIOR, Vilson; SILVA, Katia Regina; ABDALLA, Eidi Raquel Franco; SEGURADO, Aluisio Augusto Cotrim; SABINO, Ester Cerdeira; RIBEIRO JUNIOR, Ulysses; FRANCISCO, Rossana Pulcineli Vieira; MIETHKE-MORAIS, Anna; LEVIN, Anna Sara Shafferman; SAWAMURA, Marcio Valente Yamada; FERREIRA, Juliana Carvalho; SILVA, Clovis Artur; MAUAD, Thais; GOUVEIA, Nelson da Cruz; LETAIF, Leila Suemi Harima; BEGO, Marco Antonio; BATTISTELLA, Linamara Rizzo; DUARTE, Alberto Jose da Silva; SEELAENDER, Marilia Cerqueira Leite; MARCHINI, Julio; FORLENZA, Orestes Vicente; ROCHA, Vanderson Geraldo; MENDES-CORREA, Maria Cassia; COSTA, Silvia Figueiredo; CERRI, Giovanni Guido; BONFA, Eloisa Silva Dutra de Oliveira; CHAMMAS, Roger; BARROS FILHO, Tarcisio Eloy Pessoa de; BUSATTO FILHO, GeraldoIntroduction The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted global research efforts to reduce infection impact, highlighting the potential of cross-disciplinary collaboration to enhance research quality and efficiency.Methods At the FMUSP-HC academic health system, we implemented innovative flow management routines for collecting, organizing and analyzing demographic data, COVID-related data and biological materials from over 4,500 patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection hospitalized from 2020 to 2022. This strategy was mainly planned in three areas: organizing a database with data from the hospitalizations; setting-up a multidisciplinary taskforce to conduct follow-up assessments after discharge; and organizing a biobank. Additionally, a COVID-19 curated collection was created within the institutional digital library of academic papers to map the research output.Results Over the course of the experience, the possible benefits and challenges of this type of research support approach were identified and discussed, leading to a set of recommended strategies to enhance collaboration within the research institution. Demographic and clinical data from COVID-19 hospitalizations were compiled in a database including adults and a minority of children and adolescents with laboratory confirmed COVID-19, covering 2020-2022, with approximately 350 fields per patient. To date, this database has been used in 16 published studies. Additionally, we assessed 700 adults 6 to 11 months after hospitalization through comprehensive, multidisciplinary in-person evaluations; this database, comprising around 2000 fields per subject, was used in 15 publications. Furthermore, thousands of blood samples collected during the acute phase and follow-up assessments remain stored for future investigations. To date, more than 3,700 aliquots have been used in ongoing research investigating various aspects of COVID-19. Lastly, the mapping of the overall research output revealed that between 2020 and 2022 our academic system produced 1,394 scientific articles on COVID-19.Discussion Research is a crucial component of an effective epidemic response, and the preparation process should include a well-defined plan for organizing and sharing resources. The initiatives described in the present paper were successful in our aim to foster large-scale research in our institution. Although a single model may not be appropriate for all contexts, cross-disciplinary collaboration and open data sharing should make health research systems more efficient to generate the best evidence.
- Areata-Like Lupus as a Clinical Manifestation of Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus(2022) MORAIS, K. L.; SECCHIN, P.; ANZAI, A.; VERUSSA, M. J. M. C.; MUNCK, A.; FECHINE, C. O. C.; VALENTE, N. Y. S.; ROMITI, R.Introduction: Lupus erythematosus (LE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that frequently causes hair loss and scalp lesions. Hair loss can be scarring and nonscarring, diffuse, or patchy. The nonscarring patchy alopecia is usually related to systemic LE (SLE) and may simulate alopecia areata (AA), reason why it is named areata-like lupus. Our case was diagnosed with areata-like lupus but did not meet criteria for SLE. Case Report: A 63-year-old woman presented with irregular nonscarring patchy alopecia in the temporal and frontoparietal scalp. Trichoscopy showed exclamation mark hairs, vellus hairs, and sparse yellow dots. Histology revealed epidermal vacuolar interface dermatitis, lymphohistiocytic infiltrate around the bulbs of anagen follicles, and eccrine glands. Direct immunofluorescence showed deposits of C3, IgA, and IgG in the basement membrane zone. Discussion: Patients with cutaneous LE can also manifest as nonscarring patchy alopecia that is clinically similar to AA, despite the absence of systemic manifestations. Areata-like lupus is secondary to the lupus autoimmune infiltrate that affects the skin including the hair follicles. Trichoscopy, histology, and direct immunofluorescence are important to differentiate this form of alopecia from AA, which is believed to have a higher incidence in lupus patients.
- Correlation of clinical, histopathologic, and direct immunofluorescence findings in lesional and nonlesional scalp of frontal fibrosing alopecia and lichen planopilaris – An observational study(2023) DOCHE, I.; VALENTE, N.; SOTTO, M. N.; RIVITTI-MACHADO, M. C.; AOKI, V.; GERLERO, P.; HORDINSKY, M. K.
- Are dogs not susceptible to retroviral infections?(2023) CASSEB, J.; CAMPOS, J. H.; LOPES, L. R.Retroviruses have been proven to cause infections and diseases in a series of mammalian hosts but not in dogs. Then, this letter discussed the dog susceptibility to retrovirus infection, encompassing arguments to understand why dogs may have not been infected by retroviruses thus far. The potential resistance of retrovirus in dogs enables this provocative short communication to discuss this question, looking at some evolutive aspects. The lineage of canids has shown, throughout its evolutionary history, a smaller accumulation of retroviruses in canid genomes, classified as endogenous retroviruses. In this context, the genomes of canids seem to offer obstacles, which have been evolutionarily conserved, in the face of retroviral infection.
- Autoimmune diseases related to post-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: A rheumatology perspective(2023) DADGAR, F.; CASSEB, J.; KEIKHA, M.
- Sensitive Scalp and Trichodynia: Epidemiology, Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management(2023) SOUZA, Emilly Neves; ANZAI, Alessandra; FECHINE, Carolina Oliveira Costa; VALENTE, Neusa Yuriko Sakai; ROMITI, RicardoSensitive scalp (SSc) is considered a sensitive skin on the scalp, with its particularities. Although it is not rare in the dermatological practice and the term is commonly present in personal care products, this entity is poorly investigated in the medical literature. The etiopathogenesis is still uncertain, and the sensitivity may be associated with hair loss. Clinical manifestations are subjective symptoms of pruritus, burning, pain, pricking, and/or trichodynia, often with scalp erythema. SSc can be triggered by several factors (endogenous or exogenous). The diagnosis is guided by the anamnesis, and there are still no specific trichoscopic features. Trigeminal trophic syndrome and postherpetic neuralgia are the main differential diagnosis to be considered. We organized the therapeutical approach in three steps: scalp care, topical and systemic treatment.
- Impact of Treatment with Ustekinumab on Severe Infections in a Patient with Uncontrolled Psoriasis and Late-Onset Combined Primary Immunodeficiency: Case Report(2023) PRESTES-CARNEIRO, Luiz Euribel; ABREU, Marilda Aparecida Milanez Morgado de; RONCADA, Eduardo Vinicius Mendes; MUCHON, Diego Garcia; CALIANI, Fernanda Miranda; VASCONCELOS, Dewton MoraesA 35-year-old man with a late-onset combined immunodeficiency (LOCID) variant of common variable immunodeficiency, severe plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and Crohn's disease was attended in the Regional Hospital of Presidente Prudente and HC-FMUSP, Sao Paulo, Brazil. Anti-IL-12/IL-23 (ustekinumab) monoclonal antibody was prescribed due to the failure of other treatments (phototherapy, oral acitretin) for psoriasis and a Psoriasis Area Severity Index >10. We evaluated the impact of treatment with ustekinumab on severe infectious diseases in a patient with uncontrolled psoriasis and LOCID followed for 8 years. Four quarterly doses of ustekinumab 90 mg and human immunoglobulin replacement (10,000 mg at 28-day intervals) were administered. Immunophenotyping, cultures of lymphocytes, genetic sequencing, and whole exome sequencing were performed to investigate the primary immunodeficiency. Normal lymphocyte proliferation; pathogenic variants in genetic sequencing, and clinically significant variants in the whole exome for primary immunodeficiencies were not detected. The main infections before and after treatment with ustekinumab were chronic sinusitis and gastroenteritis. The patient was infected with COVID-19, dengue (twice) and influenza and was hospitalized three times for intravenous antibiotic therapy. Ustekinumab did not influence the susceptibility of the patient with LOCID to severe infections and significantly improved psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and Crohn's disease.
- Mechanism underlying polyvalent IgG-induced regulatory T cell activation and its clinical application: Anti-idiotypic regulatory T cell theory for immune tolerance(2023) VICTOR, Jefferson Russo; NAHM, Dong-HoThe regulatory T (Treg) cells constitute a functionally defined subpopulation of T cells that modulate the immune system and maintain immune tolerance through suppression of the development of autoimmune responses to self-antigens and allergic reactions to external antigens. Reduction in the number or function of Treg cells has been suggested as a key immune abnormality underlying the development of autoimmune and allergic diseases. In vitro studies have demonstrated that purified polyvalent immunoglobulin G (IgG) from multiple healthy blood donors can exert immunomodulatory effects on Treg cells. Incubation of polyvalent human IgG with purified CD4+CD25high T cells increased the intracellular expression of interleukin (IL)-10. Intravenous administration of polyvalent human IgG induced significant expansions of CD4+ Foxp3+ Treg cells and clinical improvements in patients with autoimmune diseases. In human clinical trials, intramuscular administration of autologous total IgG significantly increased the percentage of IL-10-producing CD4+ Treg cells in the peripheral blood of healthy subjects and provided significant clinical improvements in patients with atopic dermatitis. These results suggest a clinical usefulness of polyvalent IgG-induced activation of Treg cells in human subjects. This review proposes a new hypothesis for immune tolerance mechanism by integrating the pre-existing ""idiotypic network theory"" and ""Treg cell theory"" into an ""anti-idiotypic Treg cell theory."" Based on this hypothesis, an ""active anti-idiotypic therapy"" for allergic and autoimmune diseases using autologous polyvalent IgG (as immunizing antigens) is suggested as follows: (1) Intramuscular or subcutaneous administration of autologous polyvalent IgG produces numerous immunogenic peptides derived from idiotypes of autologous IgG through processing of dendritic cells, and these peptides activate anti-idiotypic Treg cells in the same subject. (2) Activated anti-idiotypic Treg cells secrete IL-10 and suppress Th2 cell response to allergens and autoimmune T cell response to self-antigens. (3) These events can induce a long-term clinical improvements in patients with allergic and autoimmune diseases. Further studies are needed to evaluate the detailed molecular mechanism underlying polyvalent IgG-induced Treg cell activation and the clinical usefulness of this immunomodulatory therapy for autoimmune and allergic diseases.
- Evaluation of pediatric diabetes mellitus after SARS-CoV-2 infection: A long-term prospective case series(2023) FINK, Thais T.; CANTON, Ana P. M.; PEREIRA, Maria Fernanda B.; BAIN, Vera; MATSUO, Olivia; ASTLEY, Camilla; MARQUES, Heloisa H. S.; CORREA-SILVA, Simone; MONTENEGRO, Marilia M.; PALMEIRA, Patricia; GARANITO, Marlene P.; DUARTE, Alberto J. S.; CARNEIRO-SAMPAIO, Magda; LATRONICO, Ana C.; SILVA, Clovis A.
- Encephalopathy Caused by Human Parvovirus B19 Genotype 1 Associated with Haemophilus influenzae Meningitis in a Newborn(2023) FERREIRA, Noely Evangelista; COSTA, Antonio C. da; KALLAS, Esper G.; SILVEIRA, Cassia G. T.; OLIVEIRA, Ana Carolina S. de; HONORATO, Layla; PAIAO, Heuder G. O.; LIMA, Silvia H.; VASCONCELOS, Dewton de M.; CORTES, Marina F.; COSTA, Silvia F.; MENDOZA, Tania R. T.; GOMES, Helio R.; WITKIN, Steven S.; MENDES-CORREA, Maria C.Parvovirus B19 infection is associated with a wide range of clinical manifestations, from asymptomatic to severe neurological disorders. Its major clinical symptoms, fever and rash, are common to multiple viruses, and laboratory tests to detect B19 are frequently not available. Thus, the impact of B19 on public health remains unclear. We report the case of a 38-day old girl admitted to Sao Paulo Clinical Hospital, Brazil, with an initial diagnosis of bacterial meningitis, seizures, and acute hydrocephalus. Antibiotic therapy was maintained for one week after admission and discontinued after negative laboratory results were obtained. Nine days after symptoms onset, a cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) sample revealed persistent pleocytosis. The complete B19 complete genome was subsequently identified in her CSF by a metagenomic next-generation sequencing approach. This report highlights the possible involvement of B19 in the occurrence of acute neurological manifestations and emphasizes that its possible involvement might be better revealed by the use of metagenomic technology to detect viral agents in clinical situations of unknown or uncertain etiology.
- Imiquimod chemoprophylaxis for field cancerization in xeroderma pigmentosum patients-A prospective study(2023) ROCHA, Lilian Kelly Faria Licariao; FERREIRA, Paula; GIANOTTI, Marcelo A.; AVANCINI, Joao; MENCK, Carlos F. M.; CASTRO, Ligia P.; OLIVEIRA, Zilda Najjar Prado de; RIVITTI, Maria C.; SAMORANO, Luciana P.; PEREIRA, Naiura Vieira; FESTA NETO, Cyro
- Aryl-hydrocarbon receptor agonist: A novel topical therapeutic approach for inflammatory skin diseases(2023) AOKI, Valeria; ORFALI, Raquel Leao
- Can COVID-19 impact the natural history of paracoccidioidomycosis? Insights from an atypical chronic form of the mycosis(2023) SOUZA, Cesar Augusto Tomaz de; PONCE, Cesar Cilento; KLAUTAU, Gisele Burlamaqui; MARQUES, Nathan Costa; QUEIROZ, Wladimir; PATZINA, Rosely Antunes; BENARD, Gil; LINDOSO, Jose Angelo LaulettaParacoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is a systemic fungal infection caused by Paracoccidioides spp. It can occur as an acute/subacute form (A/SAF), a chronic form (CF) and rarely as a mixed form combining the features of the two aforementioned forms in an immunocompromised patient. Here, we report a 56-year-old male patient with CF-PCM who presented with atypical manifestations, including the development of an initial esophageal ulcer, followed by central nervous system (CNS) lesions and cervical and abdominal lymphatic involvement concomitant with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. He was HIV-negative and had no other signs of previous immunodeficiency. Biopsy of the ulcer confirmed its mycotic etiology. He was hospitalized for treatment of COVID-19 and required supplemental oxygen in the intensive unit. The patient recovered without the need for invasive ventilatory support. Investigation of the extent of disease during hospitalization revealed severe lymphatic involvement typical of A/SAF, although the patient`s long history of high-risk exposure to PCM, and lung involvement typical of the CF. Esophageal involvement is rare in non-immunosuppressed PCM patients. CNS involvement is also rare. We suggest that the immunological imbalance caused by the severe COVID-19 infection may have contributed to the patient developing atypical severe CF, which resembles the PCM mixed form of immunosuppressed patients. Severe COVID-19 infection is known to impair the cell-mediated immune response, including the antiviral response, through T-lymphopenia, decreased NK cell counts and T-cell exhaustion. We hypothesize that these alterations would also impair antifungal defenses. Our case highlights the potential influence of COVID-19 on the course of PCM. Fortunately, the patient was timely treated for both diseases, evolving favorably.
- The Interaction between the Host Genome, Epigenome, and the Gut-Skin Axis Microbiome in Atopic Dermatitis(2023) PESSOA, Rodrigo; CLISSA, Patricia Bianca; SANABANI, Sabri SaeedAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that occurs in genetically predisposed individuals. It involves complex interactions among the host immune system, environmental factors (such as skin barrier dysfunction), and microbial dysbiosis. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified AD risk alleles; however, the associated environmental factors remain largely unknown. Recent evidence suggests that altered microbiota composition (dysbiosis) in the skin and gut may contribute to the pathogenesis of AD. Examples of environmental factors that contribute to skin barrier dysfunction and microbial dysbiosis in AD include allergens, irritants, pollution, and microbial exposure. Studies have reported alterations in the gut microbiome structure in patients with AD compared to control subjects, characterized by increased abundance of Clostridium difficile and decreased abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria such as Bifidobacterium. SCFAs play a critical role in maintaining host health, and reduced SCFA production may lead to intestinal inflammation in AD patients. The specific mechanisms through which dysbiotic bacteria and their metabolites interact with the host genome and epigenome to cause autoimmunity in AD are still unknown. By understanding the combination of environmental factors, such as gut microbiota, the genetic and epigenetic determinants that are associated with the development of autoantibodies may help unravel the pathophysiology of the disease. This review aims to elucidate the interactions between the immune system, susceptibility genes, epigenetic factors, and the gut microbiome in the development of AD.
- Visceral Leishmaniasis Revealing Undiagnosed Inborn Errors of Immunity(2023) CARVALHO, Daniel Gleison; VASCONCELOS, Dewton de Moraes; SANTOS, Andreia Cristiane Rangel; LINDOSO, Jose Angelo LaulettaVisceral Leishmaniasis (VL) is a potentially fatal disease and may be associated with primary or acquired immunodeficiencies. There are few reports, in the literature, of inborn errors of immunity. Here, we report two cases of VL as a marker of inborn errors of immunity, namely, GATA2 and RAB27A deficiency. Our data suggest that VL patients should be screened for primary immunodeficiency, particularly in cases of VL relapse.
- Genetic diversity of hepatitis B virus quasispecies in different biological compartments reveals distinct genotypes(2023) LAGO, Barbara Vieira do; BEZERRA, Cristianne Sousa; MOREIRA, Daniel Andrade; PARENTE, Thiago Estevam; PORTILHO, Moyra Machado; PESSOA, Rodrigo; SANABANI, Sabri Saeed; VILLAR, Livia MeloThe selection pressure imposed by the host immune system impacts hepatitis B virus (HBV) quasispecies variability. This study evaluates HBV genetic diversity in different biological fluids. Twenty paired serum, oral fluid, and DBS samples from chronic HBV carriers were analyzed using both Sanger and next generation sequencing (NGS). The mean HBV viral load in serum was 5.19 +/- 4.3 log IU/mL (median 5.29, IQR 3.01-7.93). Genotype distribution was: HBV/A1 55% (11/20), A2 15% (3/20), D3 10% (2/20), F2 15% (3/20), and F4 5% (1/20). Genotype agreement between serum and oral fluid was 100% (genetic distances 0.0-0.006), while that between serum and DBS was 80% (genetic distances 0.0-0.115). Two individuals presented discordant genotypes in serum and DBS. Minor population analysis revealed a mixed population. All samples displayed mutations in polymerase and/or surface genes. Major population analysis of the polymerase pointed to positions H122 and M129 as the most polymorphic (>= 75% variability), followed by V163 (55%) and I253 (50%). Neither Sanger nor NGS detected any antiviral primary resistance mutations in the major populations. Minor population analysis, however, demonstrated the rtM204I resistance mutation in all individuals, ranging from 2.8 to 7.5% in serum, 2.5 to 6.3% in oral fluid, and 3.6 to 7.2% in DBS. This study demonstrated that different fluids can be used to assess HBV diversity, nonetheless, genotypic differences according to biological compartments can be observed.
- A common variant close to the ""tripwire"" linker region of NLRP1 contributes to severe COVID-19(2023) LEAL, Vinicius N. C.; PAULINO, Leandro M.; CAMBUI, Raylane A. G.; ZUPELLI, Thiago G.; YAMADA, Suemy M.; OLIVEIRA, Leonardo A. T.; DUTRA, Valeria de F.; BUB, Carolina B.; SAKASHITA, Araci M.; YOKOYAMA, Ana Paula H.; KUTNER, Jose M.; VIEIRA, Camila A.; SANTIAGO, Wellyngton M. de S.; ANDRADE, Milena M. S.; TEIXEIRA, Franciane M. E.; ALBERCA, Ricardo W.; GOZZI-SILVA, Sarah C.; YENDO, Tatiana M.; NETTO, Lucas C.; DUARTE, Alberto J. S.; SATO, Maria N.; VENTURINI, James; PONTILLO, AlessandraObjective and design The heterogeneity of response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is directly linked to the individual genetic background. Genetic variants of inflammasome-related genes have been pointed as risk factors for several inflammatory sterile and infectious disease. In the group of inflammasome receptors, NLRP1 stands out as a good novel candidate as severity factor for COVID-19 disease. Methods To address this question, we performed an association study of NLRP1, DPP9, CARD8, IL1B, and IL18 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in a cohort of 945 COVID-19 patients. Results The NLRP1 p.Leu155His in the linker region, target of viral protease, was significantly associated to COVID-19 severity, which could contribute to the excessive cytokine release reported in severe cases. Conclusion Inflammasome genetic background contributes to individual response to SARS-CoV-2.
- Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis - Brazilian Society of Dermatology: an update on phototherapy and systemic therapy using e-Delphi technique(2023) ORFALI, Raquel Leao; LORENZINI, Daniel; BRESSAN, Aline; TANAKA, Anber Ancel; CERQUEIRA, Ana Maria Mosca de; HIRAYAMA, Andre da Silva; RAMOS, Andrea Machado Coelho; PROENCA, Carolina Contin; SILVA, Claudia Marcia de Resende; LACZYNSKI, Cristina Marta Maria; CARNEIRO, Francisca Regina; DUARTE, Gleison; HANS FILHO, Gunter; GONCALVES, Heitor de Sa; MELO, Ligia Pessoa de; AZULAY-ABULAFIA, Luna; WEBER, Magda Blessmann; RIVITTI-MACHADO, Maria Cecilia; ZANIBONI, Mariana Colombini; OGAWA, Marilia; PIRES, Mario Cezar; IANHEZ, Mayra; FELIX, Paulo Antonio Oldani; BONAMIGO, Renan; TAKAOKA, Roberto; LAZZARINI, Rosana; CESTARI, Silmara; MAYOR, Silvia Assumpcao Soutto; CESTARI, Tania; OLIVEIRA, Zilda Najjar Prado de; SPULS, Phyllis I.; GERBENS, Louise A. A.; AOKI, ValeriaThis publication is an update of the ""Consensus on the therapeutic management of atopic dermatitis - Brazilian Society of Dermatology"" published in 2019, considering the novel, targeted-oriented systemic therapies for atopic dermatitis. The initial recommendations of the current consensus for systemic treatment of patients with atopic dermatitis were based on a recent review of scientific published data and a consensus was reached after voting. The Brazilian Society of Dermatology invited 31 experts from all regions of Brazil and 2 international experts on atopic dermatitis who fully contributed to the process. The methods included an e-Delphi study to avoid bias, a literature search and a final consensus meeting. The authors added novel approved drugs in Brazil and the indication for phototherapy and systemic therapy for AD. The therapeutical response to systemic treatment is hereby reported in a suitable form for clinical practice and is also part of this updated manuscript. (c) 2023 Sociedade Brasileira de Dermatologia.
- Low CCL2 and CXCL8 Production and High Prevalence of Allergies in Children with Microcephaly Due to Congenital Zika Syndrome(2023) BEZERRA, Wallace Pitanga; SALMERON, Amanda Costa Ayres; BRANCO, Anna Claudia Calvielli Castelo; MORAIS, Ingryd Camara; SALES, Valeria Soraya de Farias; MACHADO, Paula Renata Lima; SOUTO, Janeusa Trindade; ARAUJO, Joselio Maria Galvao de; GUEDES, Paulo Marcos da Matta; SATO, Maria Notomi; NASCIMENTO, Manuela Sales LimaCongenital Zika Syndrome (CZS) is associated with an increased risk of microcephaly in affected children. This study investigated the peripheral dysregulation of immune mediators in children with microcephaly due to CZS. Gene expression quantified by qPCR in whole blood samples showed an increase in IFN gamma and IL-13 transcripts in children affected with microcephaly compared to the control group. The microcephaly group exhibited significantly decreased CCL2 and CXCL8 levels in serum, quantified by CBA assay. An allergic profile questionnaire revealed a high prevalence of allergies in the microcephaly group. In accordance, elevated serum IgE level measured by the Proquantum Immunoassay was observed in children affected with microcephaly compared to the control group. Altogether, these findings show a persistent systemic inflammation in children with microcephaly due to CZS and suggest a possible impairment in leukocyte migration caused by low production of CCL2 and CXCL8, in addition to high levels of IgE associated with high prevalence of allergies. The dysregulation of inflammatory genes and chemokines underscores the importance of understanding the immunological characteristics of CZS. Further investigation into the long-term consequences of systemic inflammation in these children is crucial for developing appropriate therapeutic strategies and tailored vaccination protocols.
- IgG from patients with mild or severe COVID-19 reduces the frequency and modulates the function of peripheral mucosal-associated invariant T cells in PBMCs from healthy individuals(2023) MACHADO, Nicolle Rakanidis; FAGUNDES, Beatriz Oliveira; FERNANDES, Iara Grigoletto; RECHE, Daniela Terra De Apoena; SATO, Maria Notomi; VICTOR, Jefferson RussoLower levels of peripheral mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells have been observed in the peripheral blood of patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Following on from previous research into the effect of the IgG repertoire on human lymphocytes, the present study aimed to evaluate if immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies obtained from patients with mild or severe COVID-19 contribute to these effects on MAIT cells. Culture experiments were performed using healthy human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and different repertoires of IgG obtained from patients with COVID-19 as a mild or severe disease and compared with mock, healthy control or therapeutic IgG conditions. The results indicate that the IgG repertoire induced during the development of mild and severe COVID-19 has, per se, the in vitro potential to reduce the frequency of MAIT cells and the production of IFN-gamma by the MAIT cell population in PBMCs from healthy individuals. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that IgG in patients with severe COVID-19 may participate in the reduction of peripheral MAIT cell frequency and hinder the antiviral activity of these cells.